ND鋼直縫焊管中（zhōng）一種（zhǒng）新型的工（gōng）業使用產品，這種產品的出現（xiàn）在工業裏的使用優勢非常的多，操作起來（lái）簡單，處理時也比較的方（fāng）便。廣泛應用於電（diàn）廠和煉油廠製造在高（gāo）含硫煙氣中工作的省煤器、ND鋼鋼管（guǎn）空氣預熱器、ND鋼鋼（gāng）管熱交換（huàn）器和蒸發器（qì）等（děng）用以抵禦含硫煙氣結露腐蝕。因此在工業裏常使用到它。那麽ND鋼鋼管在使用的過程中（zhōng）出現問題的解決（jué）方法是什麽呢？現（xiàn）在小（xiǎo）編就為大家介紹一下。 ND鋼直縫鋼管預焊（hàn）常見（jiàn）問題處理：
ND steel straight seam welded pipe is a new type of industrial product. This product has many advantages in industry. It is easy to operate and easy to handle. It is widely used in power plants and refineries to manufacture economizers, ND steel pipe air preheaters, ND steel pipe heat exchangers and evaporators working in high sulfur-containing flue gas to resist sulfur condensation corrosion. So it is often used in industry. So what are the solutions to the problems in the use of ND steel pipe? Now Xiaobian will introduce it to you. Common problems of ND steel straight seam steel pipe pre-welding: 一、錯邊（biān）。
1. Misalignment.
這是預焊中最（zuì）常見問（wèn）題，錯邊超差（chà），直接導致ND鋼管的降級或報廢（fèi）。所以，預焊時要求嚴格控製錯邊（biān）量。當整根或大半根鋼管坯（pī）出（chū）現錯邊超差時，一般是由於：
This is the most common problem in pre-welding. Over-error of staggered edge directly leads to the degradation or scrap of ND steel pipe. Therefore, the amount of staggered edges should be strictly controlled during pre-welding. When the whole or most of the billets are out of tolerance, it is generally due to:
（1）開口縫調整不到位
(1) Inadequate adjustment of opening seam
（2）合縫壓輥調整不到位（壓輥的（de）周向角度不對，或以管坯中心線為軸線，左右壓輥（gǔn）不對稱，或相對的壓輥的徑向伸長量不一致），沒（méi）有壓圓。
(2) The seam pressing roll is not adjusted properly (the circumferential angle of the pressing roll is not right, or the center line of the billet is the axis, the left and right pressing rolls are not symmetrical, or the relative radial elongation of the pressing roll is not the same), and there is no pressing circle.
（3）預彎邊沒有預彎到位，板邊豐在直邊現象所致。當管坯的（de）頭或尾的、出現錯邊超差時，一般是由於（yú）進出口輥道的位置不對；環形架中（zhōng）心不對；合縫壓輥壓圓不好，個（gè）別壓輥（gǔn）位置偏差；成型不好（成型後的管坯兩邊高（gāo）低相差較大；開口縫（féng）寬在150mm以（yǐ）上）；液壓係統壓力波動所致。
(3) The pre-bending edge is not in place, and the abundant plate edge is caused by the phenomenon of straight edge. When the head or tail of the billet is out of alignment, it is generally due to the incorrect position of the inlet and outlet rollers, the incorrect center of the ring frame, the incorrect rounding of the seam pressing rollers, the deviation of the position of individual rollers, the bad forming (the difference between the height of the two sides of the billet after forming is large; the width of the opening gap is more than 150 mm), and the pressure fluctuation of the hydraulic system.
二、背麵（miàn）焊瘤、燒穿。
2. Back welding nodules and burn-through.
背（bèi）麵焊瘤（liú），若清除（chú），耗時，影響生產過程的正常進行；不清除，影響內焊焊接成型及內焊焊縫的跟（gēn）蹤。燒穿，影響內（nèi）外焊質（zhì）量，需（xū）填補。
If the back welding spot is cleared, it will take time to affect the normal production process; if it is not cleared, it will affect the formation of internal welding and the tracking of internal welding seam. Burn-through, affect the quality of internal and external welding, need to be filled.
產生背麵焊瘤和燒穿的原（yuán）因，一般是以下幾點：
The reasons for the back weld and burnout are generally as follows:
（1）合縫不緊，也有可能是液壓係統壓力過低（dī）；
(1) The seam is not tight, or the pressure of the hydraulic system is too low.
（2）成型不好，圓度偏差大
(2) bad forming and large roundness deviation
（3）預焊工藝參數選擇不當。一定的焊接電流和電弧電壓（yā）要配以適（shì）當的焊接速度，線能量過大或焊速過低，都易產背麵（miàn）焊瘤和燒穿。
(3) improper selection of pre-welding process parameters. Certain welding current and arc voltage should be matched with appropriate welding speed. Excessive linear energy or low welding speed are easy to produce back welding nodules and burn-through.
三（sān）、氣孔。
3. Stomata.
預焊焊縫氣孔導致內外焊的內部缺陷。預焊焊縫產生氣孔，一般是由於以下幾點：
Porosity in pre-welded seam leads to internal defects in internal and external welding. Gas holes in pre-welded seams are generally caused by the following factors:
（1）保護（hù）氣體質量不佳，如含有（yǒu）水分，壓力流量（liàng）不夠等；
(1) The quality of protective gas is not good, such as water content, insufficient pressure and flow rate, etc.
（2）焊槍出現部分堵塞保護氣體形成（chéng）的氣罩不均，有害氣體攪人
(2) Gas shield formed by partial blockage of welding torch is uneven and harmful gas is disturbing.
（3）坡口上有鏽蝕、油汙等所致。
(3) Rust and oil stain on the groove.
四、焊縫成型差。
4. Poor weld formation.
焊縫成（chéng）型差，影響後序的內外焊跟蹤，影響焊接過程的穩定，從而影響焊接質量。焊縫成（chéng）型與線能量密切相（xiàng）關，焊接電流、電（diàn）弧電壓一定，焊速增大，焊縫熔深和熔寬減小，導致焊縫成型差。當焊縫中產生氣（qì）孔時，也常常（cháng）產生焊縫成型差（chà）現象。
The poor weld formation affects the internal and external welding tracking of the sequence, affects the stability of the welding process, and consequently affects the welding quality. Weld formation is closely related to linear energy. With a certain welding current and arc voltage, the welding speed increases and the penetration and width of the weld decrease, resulting in poor weld formation. Poor weld formation often occurs when gas holes occur in the weld.
五、飛濺。
5. Splash.
預焊中飛濺容易燒傷（shāng）鋼管表麵或坡口，且不易清除（chú），從而影響焊接質量和鋼管外表麵（miàn）質量。產生飛濺的（de）原因主要（yào）是保護氣體成分不對或（huò）工藝參數不（bú）對，應搞（gǎo）保護氣（qì）體中氬氣的比例。
Splash in pre-welding is easy to burn the surface or groove of steel pipe, and is not easy to remove, thus affecting the welding quality and the external surface quality of steel pipe. The main reason for spatter is the incorrect composition of protective gas or the incorrect process parameters. The ratio of argon in protective gas should be determined.
